The proper alignment of teeth, technically referred to as occlusion, dictates their positioning within the dental arches and their relationship when the jaws are closed. Ideal positioning involves teeth fitting together harmoniously, with upper teeth slightly overlapping the lower teeth. This alignment distributes biting forces evenly, minimizing stress on individual teeth and the temporomandibular joint. A common example of ideal alignment is when the upper front teeth sit just slightly in front of the lower front teeth, allowing for efficient biting and chewing.
Correct dental alignment is fundamental for oral health. It contributes to efficient chewing, clear speech, and aesthetic appeal. Moreover, properly aligned teeth are easier to clean, reducing the risk of plaque accumulation, cavities, and gum disease. Historically, understanding and achieving optimal dental positioning has been a focus of dentistry, evolving from rudimentary methods to advanced techniques like orthodontics, which aims to correct malocclusion and improve overall oral health.