A manometer is an instrument used for measuring pressure. It typically involves a U-shaped tube filled with a liquid, such as mercury or water. The pressure difference between two points is determined by observing the height difference of the liquid columns in the manometer’s arms. For example, if one arm is connected to a pressurized vessel and the other is open to the atmosphere, the height difference indicates the gauge pressure within the vessel relative to atmospheric pressure. This reading is directly proportional to the pressure difference, which can be calculated using the liquid’s density and the gravitational constant.
The accurate measurement of pressure differentials is essential in various scientific and industrial applications. These instruments provide a reliable method for monitoring and controlling pressure in systems ranging from HVAC systems to chemical processing plants. Historically, they have served as fundamental tools in understanding fluid dynamics and calibrating other pressure-measuring devices. Their simplicity and direct measurement principle contribute to their ongoing value in many fields.
