The primary challenge lies in hardening gel nail polish layers without the ultraviolet (UV) radiation typically employed. Standard gel formulas contain photoinitiators which, when exposed to specific wavelengths of UV light, trigger a chemical reaction that causes the liquid gel to polymerize, forming a solid, durable coating. Achieving a comparable result by alternative means is complex and often less effective than traditional UV curing.
The reliance on UV light for this process provides a quick and relatively consistent hardening method. Its established use is rooted in efficiency and the reliable finish it provides. Historically, alternatives have been sought due to concerns regarding UV exposure and accessibility to specialized equipment. While perfect substitutes remain elusive, understanding the principles of gel polymerization is crucial in exploring any potential alternative approach.