Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a key protein component of several lipoprotein particles, most notably LDL-cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein) and VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein). Elevated levels of ApoB signify an increased number of these atherogenic particles in the bloodstream. Since each LDL particle contains one ApoB molecule, its concentration directly reflects the total number of potentially harmful particles that can contribute to plaque buildup in arteries. Reducing ApoB concentration is often a primary target in managing cardiovascular risk.
Maintaining optimal ApoB levels is crucial for cardiovascular health. Lowering the concentration of these lipoproteins reduces the risk of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque accumulates within arterial walls, leading to heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events. Historically, managing cholesterol levels focused primarily on LDL-cholesterol. However, ApoB has emerged as a more comprehensive marker for assessing and mitigating cardiovascular risk due to its direct relationship with the number of atherogenic particles.
